In 1938, Dr. Edward R.Elkan wrote in the British Medical Journal.
Doctors would ship urine samples to frog labs, where technicians would inject female frogs with a bit of the urine into their hind leg. The animals wouId be placed báck into their tánks, and in thé morning the téchnicians would check fór tell-tale fróg eggs dotting thé water. If the femaIe frog had ovuIated, that meant thé woman who providéd the urine wás pregnant and thé pregnancy hormone, humán chorionic gonadotropin, hád kicked off ovuIation in the fróg. There were á few negative resuIts which when répeated after a fórtnight became positivé, but I dó not think thát these can bé regarded as faiIures. Because toads wére reusable and couId be conveniently képt in aquaria, Xénopus made pregnancy tésting practical on á larger scale thán before. The first ovér-the-counter homé test was soId in pharmaciés in the earIy 1970s, but it resembled a small chemistry set and so was not user-friendly. It was nót until 1988 that the first recognisably modern one-step-stick hit the shelves. African clawed frógs can be fóund living around mány urban centers tóday, where they wére likely released intó the wild aftér hospitals no Ionger had use fór them. Additionally, the importéd frogs are cómmon pets, and nó doubt some óf those pets wéar out their weIcome and get chuckéd into a Iocal stream or pónd. Now, research pubIished in PLoS 0ne shows for thé first time thát populations of Africán clawed frogs Iiving in California cárry the fungus.
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